Perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (P-ANCA) pattern may be seen to heterogeneous antigens, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin, elastase, cathepsin-G and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein. The P-ANCA is seen in condition other than vasculitis like IBD, atrophic gastritis etc. c-ANCA, diffuse granular cytoplasmic staining with internuclear accentuation and p-ANCA homogeneous perinuclear staining with nuclear extension occurs due to the relocation of negatively charged cytoplasmic autoantigens to the nuclear membrane upon alcohol fixation.
References–
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