Quiz on anterior uveitis

HLA B27 test - Ankylosing spondylitis is a common rheumatological disease of young adults, predominantly males, with HLA B27 positive alleles. Back stiffness due to chronic inflammatory disease may show radiological signs such as bamboo spine sign due to continuous syndesmophytes, dagger spine sign of continuous ossification of interspinous and supraspinous ligaments, squared vertebral bodies, and chalk stick fracture. Characteristic ocular features of unilateral, typically recurrent, and alternating, acute non-granulomatous anterior uveitis is seen.

Chest radiology for hilar lymphadenopathy - Common causes of hypopyon anterior uveitis are HLA-B27 associated uveitis, Behçet’s disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Infections and masquerades must always be ruled out in such pediatric and elderly patients.
Hypopyon uveitis is extremely rare in sarcoidosis.

Urine Beta-2 microglobulin- Blau Syndrome or juvenile sarcoidosis is an underdiagnosed entity in India, especially when ocular and joint presentations inappropriately suggest a diagnosis of either JIA or tubercular uveitis among others. When treating very young children with arthritis and uveitis it is important to consider this diagnosis, particularly where there is a familial recurrence, even in the absence of classical signs in all the patients. Aggressive management of uveitis and arthritis is key to successful management to avoid morbidity. TINU presents as symptomatic (redness, pain, photophobia), bilateral, acute-onset non-granulomatous anterior uveitis in children that is associated with the diagnosis of interstitial nephritis.